Monday, March 26, 2012
Friday, March 23, 2012
Wednesday, March 21, 2012
Request for a collaboration
I’m as initiator of Mongolian association of chartered financial analysts looking for foreign individuals & economic entities, which engages humanitarian activities in the field of creating, developing, sharing, teaching & outsourcing new ideas & innovations on financial statement analyzing & accounting modeling. Although passed not a few times from launching association’s activities we nearly haven’t achieved aimed goals, besides rises necessary to extend & make public the scope & direction of its activities. Indeed we suffer some financial difficulties as we had conducted its advance preparation at own account, since 2004 I have issued along with my members of family in scope of association’s activities more than 10 textbooks & methodological materials in about 200 printer’s sheets, which based on applied mathematics and mathematical statistics as: cost & management accounting modeling, financial engineering, financial statement analyzing etc. In addition to I have created & developed more than 40 unique & extraordinary methods on financial analyzing & accounting modeling, which has opened prosperity direction to solve many puzzle & pending problems in modern accountancy. I have placed some of created & developed with me new ideas & innovated papers freely to everyone in English, Russian & Mongolian editions at internet communications under blog titles as tyondon.blogmn.net or tyondon.blogspot.com etc for sake of share our researching activities with all readers & Association’s members. We will release & translate appropriate our researching materials into English or Russian editions for foreigners, who wish to acquaint with papers, textbooks, written by our co-authors, & suggested new ideas with us. If you would like to set up bilateral communication relationship, we kindly ask to forward mail to us at Linked in communications or at my e-mail address. Indeed in development history of accountancy we primarily have discovered very unique & simply for pragmatically application methods in allocation, analyzing, forecasting & reporting of indirect (conversion) expenses by practicing as following: linear algebra, applications of definite integral calculus, stepwise elimination of variable factors, statistical index, drawing graphical illustration etc. Within the scope of activities of association for incoming period we have planned to conduct professional course for financiers, accounting analysts, & researchers on financial analyzing methods by hand of business statistics (multiple discriminant function analysis) in parallel with computer application program, SPSS 17.0, which will render pleasant opportunity to obtain same calculated an answer, & compare stepwise processes used on both methods. Main academic and practical lecturing will give directly by Prof. T.Yondon and under his supervising and consulting. We are registering independent researchers who would like to affiliate as members to Mongolian chartered financial analysts (CFA), nonprofit civil institution, which voluntary engages economics researching activities. We shall give necessary knowledge to members through giving lecture, impilimenting development of outsourcing in financial analyzing, exchanging experiences among analysts, organizing science conferences & plenary researching discussion, dealing with stepwise training course, provision with necessary information, publication textbooks & methodological materials, delivering professional advises, issuing periodical journal etc, who really wishes to possess unique techniques of analyzing. I’m willing to welcome individual person, members of any researching groups or representative of legal unities, who interested in working at Steering board of Mongolian association of chartered financial analysts. Do not hesitate applying to us, we are willing to share freely our wide experiences & many-sided knowledge in the line of financial analyzing & accounting modeling. I trust our collaboration will continue forward on behalf of development and innovation of financial and accounting significant problems.
Tuesday, March 20, 2012
Friday, March 16, 2012
Tuesday, March 13, 2012
Brief list of researching papers written by Prof. T. Yondon
Brief list of researching papers written by Prof. T. Yondon
Prof. T. Yondon as initiator of Mongolian association of chartered financial analysts has started his lecturing & researching activities since 1999. Before lecturing he was worked for short time as specialist, who responsible for economical reform, & he successfully managed transitions of more than 10 real economical sectors as: light & food industry, auto transport, agriculture’s state economic entities, public utilities services, geology & mining, whole & retail trade, construction & its material manufacturing, & also water supply etc to market-oriented economy, besides he published many exceptionally interesting papers & articles related to economical reform & economical-mathematical approaches in professional journals & regular news papers in Mongolian & Russian editions. Below given brief list of researching books & textbooks in the field of financial statement analyzing & accounting modeling based on applied mathematical approaches & concepts of mathematical statistics, written by Prof. T. Yondon along with his family members for his lecturing period. By the way haven’t included into above cited list many researching articles released in professional journals & regular news papers last period. We consider that, actually he has opened newly directions in looking forward development of accountancy, particularly he introduced into practice & economics universities’ teaching many unique & extraordinary methods on cost & managerial accounting. Thus he made real contribution to financial analysis methodology & accounting further tendency in the unusual fashion of issued with him a lot of books leaned on integrated science knowledge & based on his self- researching results at his own account. His innovator’s proficiency had been shown in his written books, which contents obviously differ from all textbooks published in English & Russian editions so far. Table1
| Year | Title of books | Printer’s sheets |
| 2004 | Cost analysis | 7.25 |
| 2005 | Methodology of financial accounting solution | 7.5 |
| 2006 | Cost accounting | 19.3 |
| 2007 | Management accounting | 20.3 |
| 2007 | Financial statement analysis | 7.5 |
| 2008 | Financial accounting, analysis, modeling | 8 |
| 2008 | Essentials of accounting | 20 |
| 2009 | Financial statement analysis, planning models | 14.5 |
| 2009 | Finance & accounting for medium & small sized enterprises | 5.75 |
| 2010 | Modern, popular & selected ratio analysis methods for company | 7.3 |
| 2010 | Analysis of human resource management | 10 |
| 2010 | Application of business statistical methods for financial analyst, tax inspector, banker & accountant | 10 |
| 2010 | Essentials of accounting( revised, included exercise attachment-manuscript) | 22 |
| 2011 | Financial statement analysis of mining industry | 9 |
| Total | 168.4 | |
Some materials related to his lecturing subjects & also created, developed with him new ideas & suggested innovations in the field of financial analyzing & accountancy placed in Mongolian & English editions at internet communications under blog titles as tyondon.blogmn.net or tyondon.blogspot.com etc. In addition to giving lectures at higher education establishment, he conducts advanced professional courses devoted to all people, who interested in possessing modern methods of financial analysis & techniques of creating new ideas on accountancy yourself. Do not hesitate applying to him, he is willing to share his wide experiences & many-sided knowledge in the line of financial & accounting modeling.
Saturday, March 10, 2012
Methods of setting up normative numbers of accountants
Methods of setting up normative numbers of accountants[1]
Many pending questions worry accountant- managers, particularly setting up normative numbers for accountants as brain workers. Too many independent factors contribute to the scope & quantities of accounting staffs, in connection which rises necessary to proper choose appropriate indicators those stipulate highest correlation coefficient of paired dependence between exploring dimension & independent factors influenced that resulting dimension. Moreover usually practices using both indicators as total workers & sales revenue for determining normative numbers of accountants to classify economic entities in accordance their sizes. Herein we considered that possible to refer above cited showings if want to establish normative numbers of accountants. In this case correlation coefficients below computed by using empiric data collected with random survey have helped to overcome our doubts. Moreover that, contractual accountants, who engages in the line of providing outsourcing service & prepares financial statements under a contract for customers & wage settlement between them arranges on the basis of percentage related to saved salary of accounting staffs. Correlation coefficients (r) of selected paired dimensions have given as following: correlation coefficient between numbers of accountants & total workers is r = 0.975, & correlation coefficient between numbers of accountants & sales revenue is r = 0.996 respectively, & those illustrate powerfulness of relationship between surveyed indicators. Used following criteria table of confiding probability titled “Quantitative values of correlation coefficients applied to various rates of probability”[2] to estimate influences of paired dimensions by means of correlation coefficients. Table1
n | p=0.05 | p=0.02 | p=0.01 | n | p=0.05 | p=0.02 | p=0.01 |
1 2 3 4 5 | 0.996917 0.95000 0.8783 0.8114 0.7545 | 0.9995066 0.98000 0.93433 0.8822 0.8329 | 0.9998766 0.990000 0.95873 0.91720 0.8745 | 16 17 18 19 20 | 0.4683 0.4555 0.4438 0.4329 0.4227 | 0.5425 0.5285 0.5155 0.5034 0.4921 | 0.5897 0.5751 0.5614 0.5487 0.5368 |
6 7 8 9 10 | 0.7067 0.6664 0.6319 0.6021 0.5760 | 0.7887 0.7498 0.7155 0.6851 0.6581 | 0.8343 0.7977 0.7646 0.7348 0.7079 | 25 30 35 40 45 | 0.3809 0.3494 0.3246 0.3044 0.2875 | 0.4451 0.4093 0.3810 0.3578 0.3384 | 0.4869 0.4487 0.4182 0.3932 0.3721 |
11 12 13 14 15 | 0.5529 0.5324 0.5139 0.4973 0.4821 | 0.6339 0.6120 0.5923 0.5742 0.5577 | 0.6835 0.6614 0.6411 0.6226 0.6055 | 50 60 70 80 90 100 | 0.2732 0.2500 0.2319 0.2172 0.2050 0.1946 | 0.3218 0.2948 0.2737 0.2565 0.2422 0.2301 | 0.3541 0.3248 0.3017 0.2830 0.2673 0.2540 |
Selected indicators of total workers & sales revenue for a purpose of determining normative numbers of accountants provide favorable possibilities to compute normative numbers of accountants in alternatively, foresee their future trend & also smooth out workload for every staff properly. Let’s compute normative numbers of accountants for newly established company ABC by means of basic of collected empiric data for several companies, which deal with the similar activities. Table2
Number of accountants, y | Sales revenue, million MNT, x2 | ||||||
10 | 100 | 200 | 450 | 750 | 1000 | ||
Number of workers, x1 | 10 | 0.5 | |||||
50 | 1 | ||||||
100 | 2 | ||||||
150 | 4 | ||||||
200 | 6 | ||||||
250 | 9 | ||||||
Herein we have fond theoretic assumption in 3 alternative versions given below:
First. To calculate resulting equation y = f(x1) in the manner of dependence respected to total workers(x1).
Second. To yield resulting equation y = f (x2) in the manner of dependence respected to sales revenue(x2).
Third. To obtain resulting equation y =f (x1,x2) in the manner of dependence corresponded to both combined factors as total workers(x1) as well as sales revenue(x2). Below given statistical calculations needed in obtaining appropriate normal equations. Table2
y | y2 | x1 | yx1 | x2 | yx2 | x12 | x22 | x1x2 |
1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 |
0.5 | 0.25 | 10 | 5 | 10 | 5 | 100 | 100 | 100 |
1 | 1 | 50 | 50 | 100 | 100 | 2500 | 10000 | 5000 |
2 | 4 | 100 | 200 | 200 | 400 | 10000 | 40000 | 20000 |
4 | 16 | 150 | 600 | 450 | 1800 | 22500 | 202500 | 67500 |
6 | 36 | 200 | 1200 | 750 | 4500 | 40000 | 562500 | 150000 |
9 | 81 | 250 | 2250 | 1000 | 9000 | 62500 | 1000000 | 250000 |
22.5 | 138.25 | 760 | 4305 | 2510 | 15805 | 137600 | 1815100 | 492600 |
Found below cited normal equations from relative sums denoted in columns of 1, 3, 4 & 7.
6ao+760a1 = 22.5
760ao+137600a1 = 4305.
a1 = 0.0352; ao = - 0.7087. Hence normative numbers of accountants via equation expressed as follows: ŷ = f(x1) = ao+ a1x1 = -0.7087 + 0.0352x1. Normative numbers of accountants could be found ŷ = f(x1oo) = ao+ a1x1oo = -0.7087 + 0.0352ּ100=2.81, if above mentioned company ABC has intended for planned 2012 to launch its activities with 100 workers. Herein possible to verify yielded results of theoretical numbers of accountants (ŷ)= f(x1) =22.5 by means of substitution primary empiric numbers of accountants into obtained theoretic equation ŷ = f(x1) = ao+ a1x1 = -0.7087 + 0.0352x1. Table3
Primary numbers of accountants, ( y ) | Theoretic numbers of accountants, (ŷ) | Variance on numbers , ∆= ŷ-y |
0.5 | - 0.7087 + 0.0352* 10 = - 0.35 | - 0.85 |
1 | - 0.7087 + 0.0352 *50 = 1.05 | 0.05 |
2 | - 0.7087 + 0.0352 *100 = 2.81 | 0.81 |
4 | - 0.7087 + 0.0352 * 150 = 4.57 | 0.57 |
6 | - 0.7087 + 0.0352*200 = 6.33 | 0.33 |
9 | - 0.7087 + 0.0352 * 250 = 8.09 | - 0.91 |
22.5 | 22.5 | 0 |
Obtains theoretical equation ŷ = f(x2) = ao+ a2x2 = 0.2548 + 0.008355x2 via similar way as used in solving ŷ = f(x1). Has fond below cited normal equations from relative sums denoted in columns of 1, 5, 6 & 8 of table 2.
6ao+ 2510a1 = 22.5
2510ao+1815100a1= 15805.
a1 = 0.008355; ao = 0.2548. Also normative numbers of accountants would be expressed ŷ = f(x4oo) = ao+ a2x4oo = 0.2548 + 0.008355 *400 = 3.6, if given company ABC has budgeted for 2012 to sales output amounted to 400,0 million MNT.
Besides has obtained final equation y =f (x1,x2) in the manner of solution for both independent factors as total workers(x1) as well as sales revenue(x2) respectively, which influenced on normative numbers of accountants obviously.
6ao+ 760a1+2510a2 = 22.5
760ao+ 137600a1+ 492600a2= 4305
2510ao+ 492600a1+ 1815100a2= 15805. Hence expected theoretical equation of normative numbers of accountants in dependence with combined both factors as of x1 & x2 found as follows: ŷ =f (x1,x2) = ao+ a1x1+a2x2 = 0.35 - 0.00306x1 + 0.009054x2. Obtained theoretical equation revised by substitution into which corresponding empiric data as given below. Table4
Primary numbers of accountants, ( y ) | Theoretic numbers of accountants, (ŷ) | Variance on numbers , ∆=ŷ-y |
0.5 | 0.41= 0.35 - 0.00306*10 + 0.009054 *10 | -0.09 |
1 | 1.10 = 0.35 - 0.00306 *50 + 0.009054 *100 | 0.10 |
2 | 1.85 = 0.35 - 0.00306 *100 + 0.009054 *200 | -0.15 |
4 | 3.97 = 0.35 - 0.00306 *150 + 0.009054 *450 | -0.03 |
6 | 6.53 = 0.35 - 0.00306 *200 + 0.009054 *750 | 0.53 |
9 | 8.64 = 0.35 - 0.00306 *250 + 0.009054 *1000 | -0.36 |
22.5 | 22.5 | 0 |
Now let’s compute expected normative of accounting staffs for planned 2012, if steering board of company aimed to manage its activities as with nearly 100 workers & cope with output by 400,0 million MNT. ŷ =f (x1,x2) = ao+ a1x1oo+a2x4oo = 0.35 - 0.00306x1 + 0.009054x2 = 0.35 - 0.00306 ּ100 + 0.009054 ּ 400 ≈ 3.7accountants.
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